The Effects of Virtual Realms Within Physical Life [Otis 2019]

     In Automating Inequality, Eubanks explains how technological advancements often benefit middle and upper classes while creating division from the poor. It is said that, “our relationship to poverty in the United States has always been characterized by ‘cultural denial’” (Eubanks 175). Cultural denial is defined as as a system that allows us to know about the pain and discrimination that exists in the world while never openly acknowledging it. I would like to connect the theme of cultural denial mentioned inAutomating Inequality​ to the role of Second Life discussed in Drax’s film Our Digital Selves: My Avatar is Me and Jamison’s article “The Digital Ruins of a Forgotten Future.” I argue that the integration of the physical/real and virtual world advances cultural denial.
     Testimonials of Second Life users in Drax’s film and Jamison’s article show how many individuals argue that there is no distinction between the physical and virtual worlds. Although titled Second​ Life, most of the users of the platform claimed the two are one. I think that the combination of the physical and virtual worlds perpetuates the theme of cultural denial. By combining the virtual and physical, we feed further and almost completely into technologies that separate the middle and upper classes and poor and working class populations. This consumption into a virtual realm will foster an environment suitable for cultural denial. One example of this involves Second Life users who are completely involved and integrated into the Second Life community. These users, and users of similar platforms, view virtual life as real life, creating a sense of ignorance to the problems that take place in physical environments. Another example of virtual consumption that can distort one’s perceptions of the physical/real world is the use of social media to create one’s own reality. Users of social media choose who they follow and whose forms of virtual expression they engage in, making their virtual feed the lens with which they view the world. Here, they choose to ignore other problems not made clear to them through their social media profile.
     Philip Rosedale, creator of Second Life, stated that he “envisioned a future in which his grandchildren would see the real world as a kind of ‘museum or theater,’ while most work and relationships happened in virtual realms like Second Life” (Jamison). He envisioned the physical world as being left behind. So what role does virtual life have within the physical world and to what extent can the two coexist without conflict? In May of 2017, a “Russian man was given a three and a half year suspended sentence for inciting religious hatred” (Seddon). His crime was playing PokemonGo in a church. This is one of many examples that shows how complicated the relationship is between the coexistence of the virtual and physical worlds. Technology is embedded in our cultural context and not separate from existing social inequalities. As technology advances and societies continue to evolve, the role and effect of virtual life in physical life will constantly change in response.
What are the real consequences of virtual life?


Sources
Draxtor, Bernhard. “Our Digital Selves: My Avatar Is Me.” YouTube. YouTube, May 17, 2018. 
Eubanks, Virginia. Automating Inequality: How High-Tech Tools Profile, Police, and Punish the 
Poor. New York, NY: St. Martins Press, 2017.
Jamison, Leslie. “The Digital Ruins of a Forgotten Future.” The Atlantic. Atlantic Media 
Company, June 6, 2018. 
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Seddon, Robert. “Why Augmented Reality Is Triggering Cultural Conflict and Religious 
Controversy.” The Conversation, September 6, 2019. 
gious-controversy-77976.


Comments

Maggie said…
I agree that from a Eubanks lens forging the physical and virtual world into one world perpetuates inequity between the upper-, middle-, and lower-class, but I think the argument that Second Life attempts to make is that in the virtual world much of these inequities (in addition to inequity caused by disability and other identifying factors) don't exist. That's the appeal of Second Life. Users of Second Life aren't necessarily perpetuating the cultural denial of pain or suffering - they're more so utilizing Second Life as a way to ease the pain and suffering they might feel in their physical lives. In that way, Second Life provides a sphere for everyone to coexist on an equal level, therefore allowing for more opportunities like building relationships or taking risks that would otherwise be scary in real life.
Sydney Otis said…
I am not discounting the role that Second Life plays in escaping the pain felt by societal inequities, but am arguing that complete consumption into the virtual world by the population as a whole would create a scenario where no one addresses real world problems. Second Life does provide a sphere where all can coexist on an equal level, but the combination fo virtual and physical to which I am referring is a level past that discussed in the film and to a point where no one who has access to technology cares to see what is happening around their physical space. It is to the extent that the creator of second life describes, where physical life is described as a museum.
Toni said....

I think your point about the conflation of virtual and physical life and the perpetuation of ignorance (and perhaps of apathy) that this conflation serves is a really interesting one. I don't know if I completely agree, because the virtual world allows one to be connected to the happenings of the physical world in a completely unprecedented manner. In my understanding, this integration and knowledge often promotes - or at least has the potential to - a care, connection, and interest that has significant ability to drive activism as opposed to wholly stifle it. However, I think the complete replacement of the physical world with a virtual one does have the potential for perpetuating, and erasing, inequities present in the physical world. If your world is solely of the virtual, if you have the ability to craft it exactly as you please, you have the privilege of avoiding hard questions, hard conversations, and hard action should you so choose. That's inherently a very dangerous concept, because it inevitably allows hegemonic and privileged narratives to be dominant in personalized world constructions. So I guess the question becomes: if the world becomes a predominantly virtual one (or these exclusions are occurring in virtual spaces) how do these exclusions actually impact the physical world? Does it? Does it not need to in order to still have impact?
Eileen Cho said…
On the most basic level, I agree that complete consumption of technology could result in not only escape from intra-personal problems, but also interpersonal ones. However, what should we do when it's the other way around? I could not help but wonder about what we should think when technology starts consuming the real world. In class, we've talked a lot about both the presence and participation of digital entities in the real world. If I interact with human-made characters as though they are human, am I interacting with the digital world and practicing escapism or am I living in the real world? As the technological and real world are intertwining more and more, it is difficult to distinguish different worlds and thus harder to determine what would classify as escaping.
I actually agree that "consumption into a virtual realm will foster an environment suitable for cultural denial." Whether or not people, or users, completely adapt to the environment and succumb to cultural denial is a separate matter. However, I do think the consuming (and seemingly addictive?) nature of Second Life fosters an environment that makes cultural denial an easy option. This post remindes me of the quote from Eubanks about the disparity between our ethical and technological evolutions. I believe that our technological evolutions will always fail us in the long run if our ethical evolution does not prosper. However, I also understand the case for technology working as a mode of empowering an ethical evolution as well. Along these lines, I believe that Second Life empowers many of its users to face the realities of the "physical world" in ways they may feel helpless to challenge otherwise.
Roschan Rao said…
I think you address an interesting point -- if we only ever interact with other people who are also online, we become continually blinder to people who do not have the same access to technology, by virtue of never interacting with them. I don't think we even need to imagine a world where we interact only online because we're already there. Do I, as a consumer of the internet, interact with people who aren't on online? Who don't have instagram, snapchat, facebook, twitter, etc? I submit most of my homework online, I apply for jobs online, I shop online -- and as a result it's so easy to forget that the entirety of the world doesn't just exist online. Further than that, if something I'm trying to do isn't available online, I become irrationally frustrated. In today's world, to not be online is synonymous with being left behind, which has terrifying consequences for those who do not have access to technology. Just how far will our cultural denial go?
Josh Miller said…
I found it very interesting that when you described how the digital world distorts ones perception of the real world, you used the language: "Here, they choose to ignore other problems". It seems this argument you make about cultural denial for those who are more privileged can relate to when we discussed in class that to remove a digital divide there needs to be the ability for choice in which technology you used. With that lens, your argument seems to show one of the problems of the digital divide which is that those on the privileged end of it don't acknowledge the other end. In this way, the problem of the digital divide could be seen as an extension of the issue of cultural denial.